Energy pipelines have never been merely engineering projects. Throughout the modern history of the Middle East, they have served as instruments of geopolitical influence, strategic leverage and regional power projection. Every major pipeline has reshaped political calculations as much as it has redirected the flow of oil. The decision by Iraq and Syria to revive the historic Kirkuk–Baniyas oil pipeline ...
A visit to Iraq led to a meeting with the country’s Prime Minister By Muhammad Sabreen, from Baghdad / Iraq Could Baghdad reveal its secrets, just for the sake time in the capital of Mesopotamia? I had no idea what awaited me in a town rising from severe destruction. While the reality of what was happening was ambiguous and mysterious, ...