France is shaken by demonstrations against President Macron’s retirement reform for two weeks. With the demonstrations showing no sign of stopping, Macron flew to China to meet Xi Jinping. Is France bound to the retirement reform due to its financial situation?What are the drivers of nationwide protest from the Yellow Vests movement to the recent demonstrations? Are there any serious ...

Since Russia’s military operation in Ukraine launched on February 24, militarization in Europe has accelerated. Two countries are leading the way: Germany and France. French President Emmanuel Macron’s declaration on June 13 that France and Europe have entered a state of “war economy” can be seen as the naming of this process. Macron’s plan of a ‘self-sufficient’ and ‘powerful’ military ...

The first round of the Presidential elections in France took place in the shadow of the Russia-Ukraine war. According to the official results, Emmanuel Macron, who received 27.6% of the votes, and Marine Le Pen, who received 23.4% of the votes, were the candidates who made it to the second round. The first round’s surprise was that Jean Luc Mélenchon, ...