The Lausanne Treaty was signed on July 24, 1923 between Türkiye and the Allied Powers. The Treaty replaced the earlier Treaty of Sèvres, which had been signed in 1920 after the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the World War I but never ratified thanks to the Independence War led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. The Treaty signed between the revolutionary ...
By Caner Karavit* The painting “Machines for Turkey”, one of the masterpieces of Ryabinin, is not well known neither in Russia, nor in the West. (Figure 1). This is due to the fact that the painting is only exhibited occasionally in the exhibition halls of the museums. The painting is in the collection of the State Museum and Exhibition Center ...